Trust and ReputationConflict of interest
Affiliate Bias
Affiliate Bias is a glossary term used when people evaluate trust and reputation reads.
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Trust and Reputation Terms
Reference definitions for online trust, reputation risk, credibility, social proof, and independent verification.
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109 published definitions in this topic.
Trust and Reputation
Anchoring Bias
Anchoring bias is overweighting the first number or claim you see—such as a fake “trust score” or discounted price.
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Attribution
Attribution identifies who or what is responsible for a claim, quote, action, or piece of content.
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Authenticity
Authenticity is whether an identity, product, review, or claim is genuine rather than forged, spoofed, or misleadingly staged.
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Authority Bias
Authority bias is over-weighting claims because they appear to come from an official or expert source.
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Availability Heuristic
The availability heuristic judges risk by how easily examples come to mind, not by base rates.
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Base Rate
A base rate is how common an outcome is in the relevant population before looking at case-specific clues.
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Belief Updating
Belief updating is revising confidence as new evidence arrives instead of locking onto first impressions.
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Brand Reputation
Brand reputation is the collective public perception of a brand’s credibility, reliability, and conduct across reviews, news, and social channels.
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Brand Trust Equity
Brand trust equity is the durable reservoir of public confidence a brand has earned—and can lose quickly.
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Burden of Proof
Burden of proof is which party must provide adequate evidence before others should rely on a claim.
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Choice Architecture
Choice architecture is how options are presented to steer decisions, for better or for manipulation.
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Claim Verification
Claim verification is the process of testing whether a specific assertion is supported by adequate evidence.
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Confirmation Bias
Confirmation bias is favoring evidence that supports what you already believe while discounting contradictory signals.
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Conflict of Interest
A situation where a reviewer, publisher, or recommender has incentives that may bias their statements or ratings.
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Corroboration
Corroboration is independent confirmation of a claim by additional evidence or sources that were not copied from each other.
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Corroboration Threshold
A corroboration threshold is how much independent confirmation you require before treating a claim as decision-ready.
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Credibility
Credibility is the believability of a person, organization, or claim based on competence, honesty cues, and evidence quality.
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Credibility Scoring
Credibility scoring estimates how much weight a source or claim deserves based on evidence quality and incentives.
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Cross-Checking
Cross-checking compares answers or evidence across independent channels to catch error, bias, or deception.
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Dark Pattern Taxonomy
A dark pattern taxonomy classifies manipulative interface designs such as forced continuity and confirmshaming.
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Decision Fatigue
Decision fatigue is depleted judgment after many choices, making people more vulnerable to dark patterns and scams.
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Default Effect
The default effect is the tendency to stick with pre-selected options, including risky auto-renewals.
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Digital Trust
Digital trust is confidence that online identities, platforms, and transactions behave safely, transparently, and as represented.
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Due Care
Due care is taking reasonable protective steps that a prudent person would take under similar circumstances.
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Due Diligence
Due diligence is a reasonable investigation of risks, claims, and counterparties before committing money, data, or trust.
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Epistemic Humility
Epistemic humility is the discipline of admitting uncertainty and revising beliefs when better evidence appears.
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Evidence Chain
An evidence chain is the linked sequence from a claim to the supporting records that justify or challenge it.
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Evidence Hierarchy
Ranking evidence quality from primary records and independent sources down to anonymous claims.
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Evidence Quality
Evidence quality is the strength, freshness, specificity, and corroboration of information used to support or refute a trust claim.
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Evidence Standard
An evidence standard is how strong proof must be before a particular kind of decision is justified.
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Evidence-Led Trust
Confidence based on independent evidence rather than branding, urgency, or fluent AI answers.
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Fake Review
A Fake Review is deceptive feedback posted to inflate, damage, or manipulate reputation rather than reflect a real experience.
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Fake Review Farm
A fake review farm is an organized operation that produces bulk fake ratings and testimonials for pay.
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Fake Testimonial
Invented customer praise used to manufacture trust for a product, seller, or service.
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False Negative
A false negative misses real risk and treats a dangerous target as safe.
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Green Flag
A green flag is a positive trust cue—such as verifiable identity or clear refund terms—that supports cautious confidence.
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Halo Effect
The halo effect is when one positive trait (design, fame, fluency) makes people overrate unrelated trustworthiness.
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Incentivized Review
An incentivized review is feedback given in exchange for discounts, gifts, or other benefits, often without clear disclosure.
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Independent Verification
Independent verification means confirming a claim using sources or checks that are not controlled by the party making the claim.
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Information Asymmetry
Information asymmetry exists when one party knows materially more than the other in a transaction or trust decision.
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Motivated Reasoning
Motivated reasoning is interpreting evidence in ways that protect a desired conclusion or identity.
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Negative Evidence
Negative evidence is informative absence—such as no license where a license should exist—interpreted carefully.
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Null Result
A null result is a meaningful finding of no supporting evidence after a reasonable search—not the same as proof of safety.
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Online Reputation
Online reputation is how a person, brand, or company is portrayed and perceived across websites, reviews, search results, and social media.
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Online Trust
Online Trust is the confidence that a digital person, company, website, or claim is legitimate, reliable, and safe enough to engage with.
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Out-of-Band Verification
Out-of-band verification confirms a request through a separate trusted channel, not the channel that delivered the claim.
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Paid Endorsement Disclosure
A required or expected notice that a recommendation was compensated, keeping social proof honest.
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Primary Source
A primary source is original evidence created close to an event or authority—such as an official filing, contract, or firsthand record.
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Prior Belief
A prior belief is what you reasonably expect before seeing new case evidence.
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Provenance
Provenance is the documented origin and history of a piece of information—where it came from and how it changed.
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Public Evidence Standard
A public evidence standard prefers open, attributable sources over anonymous screenshots or unverifiable private claims.
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Red Flag Checklist
A red-flag checklist is a structured list of warning signs used before money, data, or access is committed.
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Reliability
Consistency of performance or truthfulness over time, distinct from one-off positive impressions.
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Reputation Graph
A reputation graph maps entities and reputation relationships—reviews, ownership, affiliations, and shared signals.
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Reputation Laundering
Reputation laundering uses acquired brands, fake reviews, or partnerships to make a risky operator look legitimate.
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Reputation Management
Practices used to monitor, influence, or repair how a person or organization appears online.
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Reputation Risk
Reputation Risk is the chance that negative public perception, complaints, or credibility damage will harm trust in a person or organization.
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Reputation Score
A numeric or graded summary of how positively or negatively an entity is regarded based on aggregated signals.
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Review Bombing
A coordinated surge of negative (or sometimes positive) reviews intended to skew a product or brand’s public rating.
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